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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kodaltam | om kodalt |
| 2SG: | kodaltat | ot kodalt |
| 3SG: | kodalteš | ok/ogeš kodalt |
| 1PL: | kodaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kodalt |
| 2PL: | kodaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kodalt |
| 3PL: | kodaltə̑t | ogə̑t kodalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kodaltə̑m | šə̑m kodalt |
| 2SG: | kodaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kodalt |
| 3SG: | kodalte | ə̑š kodalt |
| 1PL: | kodaltna | ə̑šna kodalt |
| 2PL: | kodaltda | ə̑šda kodalt |
| 3PL: | kodaltə̑č́ | ə̑št kodalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kodaltə̑nam | kodaltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kodaltə̑nat | kodaltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kodaltə̑n | kodaltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kodaltə̑nna | kodaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kodaltə̑nda | kodaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kodaltə̑nə̑t | kodaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kodaltam ə̑l'e | om kodalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kodaltat ə̑l'e | ot kodalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kodalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kodalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kodaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kodalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kodaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kodalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kodaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kodalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kodaltam ulmaš | om kodalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kodaltat ulmaš | ot kodalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kodalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kodalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kodaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kodalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kodaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kodalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kodaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kodalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kodaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | kodaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kodaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | kodaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kodaltə̑n ə̑l'e | kodaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kodaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | kodaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kodaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | kodaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kodaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kodaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kodaltə̑nam ulmaš | kodaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kodaltə̑nat ulmaš | kodaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kodaltə̑n ulmaš | kodaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kodaltə̑nna ulmaš | kodaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kodaltə̑nda ulmaš | kodaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kodaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kodaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kodalt | it kodalt |
| 3SG: | kodaltše | ə̑nže kodalt |
| 1PL: | (kodaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kodalt) |
| 2PL: | kodaltsa | ida kodalt |
| 3PL: | kodaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kodalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kodaltnem | ə̑nem kodalt |
| 2SG: | kodaltnet | ə̑net kodalt |
| 3SG: | kodaltneže | ə̑než kodalt |
| 1PL: | kodaltnena | ə̑nena kodalt |
| 2PL: | kodaltneda | ə̑neda kodalt |
| 3PL: | kodaltnešt | ə̑nešt kodalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kodaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kodalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kodaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kodalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kodaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kodalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kodaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kodalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kodaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kodalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kodaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kodalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kodaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net kodalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kodaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než kodalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kodaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kodalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kodaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kodalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kodaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kodaltman |
| Active participle: | kodaltše |
| Passive participle: | kodaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kodaltšaš |
| Negative participle: | kodaltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kodaltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kodaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kodaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kodaltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kodaltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kodaltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kodaltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||